Option 2. Suicide or Assassination..

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1940s-style images of a scientist creating a toxic mixture in a vintage lab setting.

Reconsidering the Poison Evidence

What we found by a process of deep research and a careful re-examination of the evidence was so significant that it could potentially totally change the game. Not only did the Soviets have a factory whose sole purpose was to create non-detectable poisons, they specifically targeted defectors with those poisons and they were available in 1948.

A careful examination of the original 1949 inquest documents reveals critical evidence that challenges many assumptions about how he died and points toward far more sophisticated methods than previously considered. The answer lies in the evidence.

The Medical Evidence: What the Inquest Actually Revealed

The 1949 coronial inquest provides detailed testimony from three medical experts who unanimously concluded that death was unnatural. However, their findings paint a picture far different from the digitalis tablet poisoning that has been widely theorized in recent analyses. This is especially the case when you consider the number of tablets he would have to have consumed to cause the damage that was found.

Dr. John Dwyer, who conducted the post-mortem examination, made several crucial observations:

"The stomach was deeply congested; there was superficial redness; small haemorrhages were present beneath the mucosa... The heart was normal—the heart of a man in good physical training. The muscle was quite tough and firm. It was, if anything, contracted."

Critically, despite extensive toxicological analysis by government analyst James Cowan, no common poison was detected. Cowan's testimony was unequivocal:

"I tested for common poisons. Cyanides, alkaloids, barbiturates, carbolic acid... I found no common poison present, and I do not think any common poison caused death."

This absence of detectable toxins, despite clear evidence of poisoning, suggests something far more
sophisticated than the digitalis tablet theory that has gained attention over the years and I was no exception to that.

The Stanton Hicks Evidence: Pointing to Advanced Poison Technology

On reading it through carefully the most significant testimony came from Professor Stanton Hicks, who identified a specific group of cardiac glycosides that would explain the medical findings. His evidence points to substances with remarkable properties:

According to Stanton Hicks, certain cardiac glycosides would be:

  • "Extremely toxic in relatively small dose"
  • "Completely missed by any of the tests applied"
  • "Extremely difficult if not impossible to identify even if it had been suspected"
  • "Quite easily procurable by the ordinary individual" (That’s the line that everyone jumped on, Digitalis was available but on prescription only in South Australia}

    It seems that the first three points made by Stanton Hicks were ignored and that even he may not have been aware of the Soviet Poisons factory existence even though he hints at it.

As it happens, the description matches exactly the type of sophisticated, undetectable poison that intelligence services were developing in the 1940s—not the digitalis tablet method proposed in many theories.

The Historical Context: Soviet Poison Capabilities in 1948

Declassified research reveals that by 1948, the Soviet Union had been operating advanced poison laboratories for over 25 years. According to scholarly analysis of Russian intelligence operations, the Soviet "Kamera" poison laboratory was established in 1921 with a specific mission:

"to find a poison devoid of any taste or smell that could not be detected in the victim's body after death."

By 1948, this program had achieved remarkable sophistication:

  • Laboratory 1 (later "Lab X") had been developing undetectable poisons for over two decades
  • Human testing had refined formulations to leave no trace
  • Delivery methods extended beyond crude administration to sophisticated techniques
  • The program specifically targeted cardiac function to mimic natural death
In this link to a scholarly article, you can eat of just how the Soviets set about defining requirements and their targets, notably specific mention is made of defectors and how the hard to detect poisons were used on them: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10736700.2023.2229691

The timeline is crucial: while digitalis tablets would have been detectable by 1948 analysis methods, Soviet laboratories had already perfected substances designed specifically to evade such detection.

The Witness Problem: Questions About Testimony

Recent research has revealed that both key witnesses who observed the man on the evening before his death—Gordon Strapps and Olive Neil—were members of Adelaide's Eureka League, the Young Communist organization. This of course raises questions about the reliability of their testimony, which established the crucial timeline for when death occurred.

Their coordinated accounts of seeing the man move his arm and change position provided the foundation for determining he was still alive at 7:30 PM on November 30th. If this testimony was coordinated or manufactured, it would fundamentally alter the understanding of how and when the death occurred.

John Lyons, the man who called the Police to the scene the following morning in his statement was clear that he did not see the couple on the bench the previous evening.

Reassessing the Evidence

The digitalis tablet theory fails to address several critical problems:

  1. Detection Issue: 40-60 tablets rushed or otherwise, would likely have left traces detectable by 1948 analysis methods
  2. Timeline Problems: The administration method doesn't align with witness testimony about the man's condition
  3. Medical Findings: The specific pathological changes don't match massive digitalis overdose patterns
  4. Historical Context: Ignores sophisticated poison capabilities available to intelligence services

Instead, the evidence points toward:

  • A sophisticated, undetectable cardiac glycoside consistent with advanced laboratory development
  • Professional knowledge of administration methods
  • Careful timing and staging of discovery
  • Possible intelligence operation involving coordinated witness testimony

    Note that Professor Stanton Hicks does not mention the heart stopping in 'systole', The closest reference to cardiac arrest pattern from Professor Hicks is when he discusses how certain poisons would cause "the heart ultimately not to relax and fill in the normal way" and mentions the heart stopping in an "unfilled condition," but again, no use of "systole." He did not directly say that this was the case 

The Intelligence Context

The Somerton Man case occurred during the height of early Cold War tensions, when both Soviet and Western intelligence services were actively operating in Australia. The country was a key strategic location for monitoring nuclear testing, telecommunications intercepts, and Pacific operations. In fact around the same time, there were highly advanced tests taking place of aircraft mounted guided rockets taking place at Woomera even though the base supposedly ‘under construction’

The sophistication required for this operation—advanced undetectable poison, medical knowledge, coordinated witness testimony, and careful evidence staging, if that is what it was, aligns more closely with professional intelligence methods than with civilian murder or suicide.

A Caveat: Not Proof of Soviet Involvement

While the evidence strongly suggests sophisticated intelligence tradecraft and the use of advanced poison technology consistent with Soviet capabilities, this does not constitute proof positive of Soviet involvement. Other intelligence services were also developing similar capabilities, and the operation could have involved Western agencies, anti-Soviet operations, or other state actors.

The Communist affiliations of witnesses and the advanced poison evidence create a compelling circumstantial case, but definitive attribution requires additional evidence that may have been deliberately destroyed or remains classified.

Moving Forward

The Somerton Man case demands a fundamental reassessment. Rather than focusing on crude digitalis tablet theories, investigators should examine:

  • Advanced poison capabilities available to intelligence services in 1948
  • The reliability of witness testimony given their political affiliations
  • Connections between medical knowledge and sophisticated administration methods
  • The broader intelligence context of immediate post-war Australia

The 1949 inquest provided more evidence than has been appreciated. Dr. Dwyer, James Cowan, and Professor Hicks documented a sophisticated poisoning using an undetectable substance—exactly what intelligence laboratories had been developing for decades.

The mystery of the Somerton Man may be less about who he was and more about the shadow war being fought on Australian soil in the dangerous early years of the Cold War. The answers lie not in Adelaide pharmacies, but in the secret laboratories and classified operations that shaped the intelligence landscape of 1948.


This analysis is based on examination of the original 1949 coronial inquest documents and scholarly research into historical intelligence poison programs. While the evidence suggests sophisticated intelligence involvement, definitive attribution requires additional investigation and evidence.

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4 Comments

Hi
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  1. That document you referred to has quite some implications.on the Harry Dexter White case, around the same time, August 48. Suspected spy and an overdose of digitalis. Have you looked at it yet?

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  2. Good observation, I looked at that case a while back long before I found the article on the details of the the poison factory. ‘D read and fbi agents account of the factories but didn’t get into the same detail. So, yes uo’re right it has implications especially with regards to the development of drugs that mimicked other drugs. Dexter White was taking digitalis for his heart problems, that would tend to make you think he’d be more careful with the use of his medication.

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  3. Hello Gordon, in 1948 +/- Digitalis was manufactured in Adelaide by Bickford’s Pharma, Birks’ Pharma and Faulding Pharma. Research was provided by UofA. In Melbourne Digitalis was researched and manufactured by ICI. Once a person of significance (or any person) was prescribed Digitalis routinely, it generally meant the presence of digitalis in a Post Mortem was more difficult to rule as a cause of death as it already existed in that person.

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  4. Hi Alan, thanks for that. From SA records my understanding was that Bickfords merged with other companies in the 1930s forming DHA, I have other information which I will post later, it is not the same as yours. It suggests that a number of UK companies, Boots etc, exported the product in bulk to be packaged by companies here in Australia. Interesting comment on about people already using the product. Have to go out now…

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